Antiretroviral
Drugs Currently Available (1)
|
Class |
Drug |
Also
called |
Dosing
Regimen |
Dosing
instructions |
Toxicity |
|
NRTIs |
AZT |
Zidovudine |
1x250mg
b.d. |
- |
Nausea
and vomitting; headache; anaemia, neutropaenia; hepatitis; pancreatitis;
lactic acidosis |
|
|
ddI |
Didanosine |
100mg:
2 b.d. or 4 o.d. |
fast
2 hours before & 30 mins after |
see
AZT + GI upset |
|
|
ddC |
Zalcitabine |
1.125mg
b.d or 0.75mg t.d.s |
- |
see
AZT + peripheral neuropathy |
|
|
3TC |
Lamivudine |
1x150mg
b.d. |
- |
see
AZT |
|
|
AZT+3TC |
Combivir |
1
b.d. |
- |
see
AZT |
|
|
d4T |
Stavudine |
1x40mg
b.d. |
- |
see
AZT + peripheral neuropathy |
|
|
Abacavir |
|
1x300mg
b.d. |
- |
see
AZT; fatal hypersensitivity |
NB:
3TC also active against Hepatitis B virus (consider effect on HBV and liver in
HIV+ and HBeAg +ve patients)
Antiretroviral
Drugs Currently Available (2)
|
Class |
Drug |
Also
called |
Dosing
Regimen |
Dosing
instructions |
Toxicity |
|
NNRTIs |
Nevirapine |
|
200mg:
b.d. |
Initially
200mg od for first 2 weeks; escalate to full dose if no rash or hepatitis |
Rash,
fever, hepatitis |
|
|
Efavirenz |
DMP266 |
600mg
o.n. |
- |
Sleep
& mood changes, rash |
|
Protease
Inhibitors |
Saquinavir
soft
gel capsules |
Fortovase |
1600mg
b.d. |
With
food |
Lipodystrophy;
diabetes hypercholesterolaemia; hypertriglyceridaemia, hepatitis |
|
|
Ritonavir |
|
600mg
b.d. |
- |
See
saquinavir + GI upset; paraesthesia |
|
|
Indinavir |
|
800mg
t.d.s |
Fast/
low fat meal 2 hours before & 30 mins after; drink 1.5l/d |
See
saquinavir + kidney stones, dry skin and hair loss |
|
|
Nelfinavir |
|
1250mg
b.d. |
-With
food |
See
saquinavir + diarrhoea |
|
|
Amprenavir |
|
1200mg
b.d. |
|
See
saquinavir + rash; diarrhoea |